The effect of educational workshops on primary school students' attitudes towards insect protein and environmental sustainability

Purpose The growing population intensifies challenges to food security, sustainability, and health. Traditional livestock production contributes to emissions, land degradation, and biodiversity loss. Edible insects are a nutritionally rich and sustainable protein source, yet their acceptance in Western societies remains low due to cultural barriers and food neophobia. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of school-based educational workshops in improving children's knowledge and attitudes towards insect protein and its environmental benefits, promoting early acceptance of sustainable dietary practices. Design/methodology/approach Interactive, age-appropriate workshops were conducted in primary schools with children aged 5–12 years. Sessions used gamified materials to explain the nutritional and environmental benefits of insect-based foods. Pre- and post-intervention surveys assessed changes in students' knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to consume insect products. Statistical analyses evaluated intervention effects and explored differences by sex and age group. Findings The intervention significantly increased awareness of livestock's environmental impact and recognition of insect protein's nutritional value. Reluctance to consume insect-based foods decreased, particularly among older children. Sex-based differences emerged: females initially demonstrated greater environmental sensitivity, while males were more willing to taste insect foods. Both groups demonstrated substantial conceptual gains after the workshops, highlighting the potential of early educational interventions to promote sustainable food choices. Originality/value This study provides novel evidence on the role of early nutrition education in overcoming cultural barriers to insect consumption. By targeting young children, it demonstrates how educational strategies can shape future dietary habits, reduce food neophobia, and foster long-term acceptance of alternative proteins.