A clinical case of renal angiomyolipoma rupture in the postpartum period

Renal angiomyolipoma is a rare, benign mesenchymal tumor composed of smooth muscle fibers, thickened-walled blood vessels, and mature adipose tissue in varying proportions. Due to its very rare prevalence, angiomyolipoma is most often an incidental finding during examination. The primary diagnostic method is renal ultrasound (US), which is supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) if necessary. Angiomyolipoma can cause severe pregnancy complications, such as spontaneous renal rupture, which poses a danger to both mother and fetus. This article presents a clinical case of ruptured angiomyolipoma of the right kidney in a 21-year-old woman on the fourth day after a spontaneous term delivery. This case presented clinical signs of bladder tamponade, right ureter, and right renal pelvicocalyceal system, as well as the discharge of liquid blood from the urethra. An emergency right nephrectomy and comprehensive etiopathogenetic treatment were performed in the postoperative period. This clinical case demonstrates a rare combination of pregnancy and renal angiomyolipoma. Therefore, it is advisable to more carefully investigation of the urinary system during prenatal screening and consider the possibility of developing such a serious complication as spontaneous renal rupture associated with angiomyolipoma.