Nonprofits and Social Enterprises as Vehicles for Participation and Resilience in African Megacities

Africa’s urban transformation is among the most consequential demographic processes of the twenty-first century. By 2050, the continent’s urban population is projected to more than double, and cities such as Lagos, Kinshasa, Nairobi, Cairo, and Johannesburg will absorb hundreds of millions of new residents into landscapes already marked by infrastructural deficit, spatial inequality, and institutional fragility.