Genetic Analysis of Pathogenic Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Infants’ Respiratory Tract Infections and their Susceptibility Pattern against Lactobacilli

Introduction: Pulmonary infections are notorious in causing considerable mor-bidity and mortality. Screening and isolation of pathogenic P. aeruginosa from immunocom-promised infants suffering from pulmonary infections in the highly specialized care units of hospitals, and assess their sensitivity against antibacterial agents, including Lactobacilli, by using the well diffusion method. Method: Sputum Samples were collected, and bacterial strains were isolated on Nutrient Agar medium. Various biochemical tests were done to ensure the presence of P. aeruginosa. Isolation and pathogenicity test of Lactic acid bacteria from different samples were done. Molecular characterization of isolated pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa and Lactobacilli which showed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa sent for sequencing after Polymer-ase Chain Reaction. Results: ONE WAY ANOVA was used, followed by "Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test" on Prism 5 software and analysis showed "Significant P < 0.05. The P. aeruginosa showed sensitivity against Ciprofloxacin and Ceftazidime antibiotics except PA18 and PA36 patho-genic strains, which exhibited resistance against these antibiotics, but most strains exhibited resistance against Azithromycin and Gentamycin. PA10 showed sensitivity against all anti-biotics except Gentamycin. Z. jujube exhibited antibacterial activity against all pathogenic strains except the PA29 strain which showed resistance against all plant extracts. However, it is surprising that some pathogenic strains demonstrated at least some level of sensitivity towards Green synthesized silver nanoparticles but PA29 and PA36 showed zero sensitivity against Green synthesized silver nanoparticles. The PA18 strain showed sensitivity against Ag-NPs of Z. jujube and but no resistance was observed against Lactobacilli and all patho-genic strains exhibited sensitivity against Lactobacilli. The accession numbers of P. aeru-ginosa species and Lactobacilli were determined by sequence blast at the National Center for Biotechnology Information. discussion: Sometimes, antibiotics cannot distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, and disrupt the normal microflora in the body because some pathogenic strains become resistant to given antibiotics and those antibiotics effect other sensitive good bacteria. Therefore in the current study other parameters such as Plant extracts, green synthesized silver nanoparticles, and probiotics (Lactobacilli) were used to check their effectiveness against pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa Discussion: Pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa are associated with respiratory infections in infants. The use of natural antibacterial agents exhibited antibacterial efficacy against these pathogens. These antibacterial agents can be good alternatives to synthetic drugs because of their good efficacy and no side effects. Conclusion: The significance of the current study is that the use of natural probiotics exhib-ited slow but maximum results and inhibited the growth of pathogens.