WATER QUALITY DYNAMICS AND AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY IN GHUNGHUTTA DAM: A LIMNOLOGICAL STUDY

This study provides a comprehensive limnological evaluation of Ghunghutta Dam, located in Chhattisgarh, India, with the objective of assessing its water quality and ecological dynamics. Ghunghutta Dam serves as a crucial multipurpose water reservoir supporting irrigation, domestic needs, and local biodiversity. Understanding the ecological health of this water body is imperative for its effective and sustainable management. The investigation spanned multiple seasons and involved systematic monitoring of physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Physical parameters such as water temperature, transparency, and depth were recorded to understand thermal stratification and habitat structure. Chemical analyses included measurements of pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient concentrations (nitrogen and phosphorus), which are key indicators of water quality and eutrophication risk. Biological assessments focused on planktonic communities, whose composition and abundance were evaluated to determine the trophic status and ecological integrity of the reservoir. The findings indicate seasonal fluctuations in key limnological parameters, influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. The diversity and distribution of planktonic organisms reflected moderate productivity and were sensitive to nutrient availability and oxygen levels. Some periods showed early signs of eutrophication, emphasizing the need for careful nutrient input management. The study highlights the role of limnological monitoring in diagnosing ecological imbalances and provides actionable insights for water resource managers and conservationists. By offering a holistic understanding of the limnological structure and functioning of Ghunghutta Dam, this research supports evidence-based conservation strategies. It underscores the importance of continuous ecological assessment to safeguard water quality and ensure the long-term sustainability of this vital aquatic ecosystem