A Study on the Ecosystem Model of the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) Decommissioning Industry in South Korea

Nuclear power generation facilities are among the most stable and reliable sources of electricity for modern society. However, the inherent risks associated with radioactive materials have heightened the emphasis on effective management and decommissioning strategies. This study examines critical issues related to the safe dismantling of nuclear power facilities, which is vital for the sustainable and secure use of nuclear energy. The research focuses on developing sound estimation and allocation methods for decommissioning costs. The analysis indicates that actual dismantling costs may exceed previous estimates by approximately 20–30%, highlighting the need for adequate financial and technical preparation. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of clearly defined roles and close collaboration among government bodies, industry, and the private sector to ensure safety and efficiency during the dismantling process. It also stresses the need for regional and international cooperation, as potential accidents related to decommissioning could have transboundary effects. The findings conclude that transparent information sharing, openness in the dismantling process, and mutual cooperation are essential for achieving safe and sustainable decommissioning of nuclear power plants.