Challenges in Implementing Artificial Intelligence in Academic Libraries in Oman: The Case of University Libraries

This research explores the challenges encountered by Omani academic libraries in adopting and using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Through qualitative research that included interviews with decision-makers and technical staff, the research identified four main categories of challenges: financial, human, administrative, and technical/security. The findings revealed that high costs, limited budgets, inadequate training, resistance to change, and weak infrastructure were among the key obstacles, with most libraries relying on basic AI functionalities while advanced applications remain largely underutilized. Despite these challenges, the research uncovered a willingness among institutions to adopt AI, supported by efforts such as organizing workshops, employing cost-effective tools, and launching collaborative initiatives. The research recommended the implementation of targeted training programs, the development of phased strategic plans aligned with Oman Vision 2040, and the strengthening of partnerships with local and international institutions to facilitate resource and expertise sharing. By addressing these challenges, academic libraries can better align their services with modern technological advancements, supporting educational and research excellence and contributing to Oman's digital transformation in line with national goals.