Assessment of Genetic and Floral Morphological Uniformity in Tissue-Culture-Derived Clones of Hibiscus syriacus ‘Nanpa’

In this study, we evaluated the genetic and floral morphological uniformity of clonal Hibiscus syriacus 'Nanpa' plants regenerated through tissue culturing using mature green leaves.Morphological traits and random amplified polymorphic DNA banding patterns were analyzed to assess variations among clones.Most clones showed highly uniform floral morphologies and genetic profiles.However, somaclonal variations were observed in Clones 25, 28, and 36, which exhibited deviations in both the molecular markers and morphological characteristics.These results highlight the dual potential of tissue culturing when used to generate novel genetic variants and the importance of verifying genetic fidelity during micropropagation.The combined use of morphological evaluations and molecular marker analysis ensures clonal stability in commercial propagation systems.This study provides insights into somaclonal variations in H. syriacus and supports the application of tissue culture techniques in plant breeding and large-scale production.