Gestational and lactational exposure to HIV tri-combination therapy induces sex- and dose-dependent changes in inflammatory cytokine profiles, intestinal permeability, and villi morphology in adult rat offspring
These findings suggest that perinatal exposure to TC-ART may have differential impacts on intestinal health, with females exhibiting a more adaptive response compared to males, highlighting the need for sex-specific considerations in evaluating long-term effects of ART.
Authors
- Sangeeta Khare (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-6636)
- Helen Cunny
- Janine H. Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6384-3070)
- Yaswanthi Yanamadala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0850-7688)
- Vicki Sutherland (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-9144)
- Kumari Karn
- Kuppan Gokulan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4045-5993)
- Kelly Davis
Institutions
- National Center for Toxicological Research (US)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2026-03-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1668334
- Primary Topic
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences