MIGRATION A PROCESS OF URBANISATION AND GIVING RISE TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Global economic, political, and social policies are significantly shaped by the expanding phenomenon of migration. Even if migration has historically brought about cultural and economic advantages, current global trends highlight the absurdities that people who travel because of conflict and a lack of food security must deal with. However, environmental deterioration, climate change, and the growing amount of land being used for non-agricultural purposes are already putting strain on agriculture. Additionally, the triple burden of malnutrition—the coexistence of hunger (insufficient caloric intake to meet dietary energy requirements), undernutrition (prolonged inadequate intake of macro- and micronutrients), and overnutrition in the form of overweight and obesity has been accelerated by the shift in population centers brought on by migration. Due to a lack of perspective, less social mobility, and the perception of higher living standards in other areas or nations, inequality has a direct impact on migration. High levels of inequality put a society's social cohesiveness at risk, which can lead to violent conflicts and social instability, hence escalating the demands on migration. Additionally, migration creates opportunities for rural development, sustainable agriculture, and food security. For example, crop productivity and food supply may suffer from the loss of agricultural labor and human capital. Developing comprehensive national policy and institutional frameworks for migration; managing migration for long-term positive development impacts at the sub-national and local level; and developing resilience-based development solutions for migration and displacement in times of crisis to protect development gains and deal with and recover from the impact of large movements are the main areas of work for UNDP.