A case of trigeminal nerve neurosarcoidosis initially presenting with isolated neurological findings mimicking trigeminal schwannoma: a case report and review of the literature

This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of trigeminal nerve lesion. There are no specific imaging features on magnetic resonance imaging that reliably distinguish neurosarcoidosis from tumors such as schwannomas or meningiomas. Therefore, neurosarcoidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of contrast-enhancing Meckel's cave masses, even in patients without known systemic sarcoidosis. Tissue biopsy can be invaluable in determining inflammatory lesions and preventing overly aggressive resections. Once diagnosed, neurosarcoidosis is typically managed with high-dose corticosteroids and follow-up, often leading to symptom improvement. Timely histological confirmation and collaborative, multidisciplinary management are essential for achieving correct diagnosis and favorable outcomes.