Diagnosis and assessment of the lubrication system of KAMAZ diesel engines

The aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic algorithm for assessing the technical condition of the lubrication system in KAMAZ diesel engines based on the analysis of used oil parameters. Experimental measurements were conducted to determine discrepancies between the actual and permissible (according to technical documentation) oil levels, as well as statistical calculations to evaluate the diagnostic value of specific parameters. The findings revealed that the maximum permissible oil volume in the KAMAZ-740 engine exceeds the nominal level by 30%, and in the KAMAZ-EURO engine by 24%. Statistical analysis identified the most informative diagnostic parameters as oil volume, viscosity, total base number, and flash point. Using the permissible values of the identified indicators, schematic plots were developed, each reflecting the current oil condition and enabling the identification of complex and combined faults. The results led to the development of a diagnostic algorithm for diesel engine lubrication system evaluation and a finite state machine method to predict critical oil levels and prevent typical problems and critical engine breakdowns. The projected annual economic benefit from implementing the developed diagnostic system amounted to USD 144,000 for a fleet of 2000 vehicles, based on an average annual mileage of 60,000 km.