SENTRY: Protecting System-on-Chip Designs against Supply-Chain Attacks

System-on-chip security architecture is a critical, complex, and time-consuming activity, consuming months of effort. Furthermore, the architectural design can include subtle errors that compromise the security of the entire system. In this paper, we develop a security engine infrastructure, SEnTry , for systematically creating security architectures for protecting SoC designs against a variety of security subversions. SEnTry provides a plug-and-play, configurable subsystem composed of custom IPs that can be integrated into the platform to derive different security primitives. We develop an instance of SEnTry for supply-chain attacks. We discuss the spectrum of challenges involved in developing a unified architecture for systematic protection against the variety of attacks involved and the SEnTry approach to addressing them. We provide several case studies to demonstrate SEnTry design and perform extensive experiments to evaluate its overhead on multiple ASIC technologies. Our experiments suggest that SEnTry incurs minimal overhead in area and power consumption.

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Publication Details

Journal
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems
Published
2026-03-09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1145/3797869
Primary Topic
Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

SENTRY: Protecting System-on-Chip Designs against Supply-Chain Attacks

Kshitij Raj, Sandip Ray, Atri Chatterjee, Patanjali SLPK et al.
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems
Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security
article

SENTRY: Protecting System-on-Chip Designs against Supply-Chain Attacks

Kshitij Raj, Sandip Ray, Atri Chatterjee, Patanjali SLPK, Swarup Bhunia
article en

Abstract

System-on-chip security architecture is a critical, complex, and time-consuming activity, consuming months of effort. Furthermore, the architectural design can include subtle errors that compromise the security of the entire system. In this paper, we develop a security engine infrastructure, SEnTry , for systematically creating security architectures for protecting SoC designs against a variety of security subversions. SEnTry provides a plug-and-play, configurable subsystem composed of custom IPs that can be integrated into the platform to derive different security primitives. We develop an instance of SEnTry for supply-chain attacks. We discuss the spectrum of challenges involved in developing a unified architecture for systematic protection against the variety of attacks involved and the SEnTry approach to addressing them. We provide several case studies to demonstrate SEnTry design and perform extensive experiments to evaluate its overhead on multiple ASIC technologies. Our experiments suggest that SEnTry incurs minimal overhead in area and power consumption.

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems
Advanced Micro Devices (Canada) (CA), Intel (United States) (US), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IN), University of Florida (US), Intel (Taiwan) (TW)
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Openalex Percentile: Top 50%
Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security
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SENTRY: Protecting System-on-Chip Designs against Supply-Chain Attacks — Kshitij Raj, Sandip Ray, et al. · ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS