The influence of the irrigation and fertilizer regime on the quality of winter wheat grain in the conditions of the Tersk-Sulak lowland of Dagestan

In 2017-2020, we conducted research to identify the most rational irrigation regimes and the effect of mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of new varieties of winter wheat (Bezostaya 100). The field experiments were conducted on the meadow-chestnut heavy loamy soil of the Kirov Experimental Station, a branch of the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the Republic of Dagestan. In 2017, in the first department of the experimental station, on the irrigated lands of the Tersko-Sulak Lowland in the grain-and-tillage crop rotation, the effect of the irrigation regime was studied: water-charging irrigation in furrows; water-charging irrigation + vegetative irrigation at a lower moisture threshold of 70% of the water-holding capacity; furrow irrigation and fertilization, on the chemical composition of the grain. These options were studied on two backgrounds: fertilized (N90 P120) and unfertilized. The best conditions for obtaining high yields and high-quality grain of winter wheat are created on average over three years of research, with moisture charging + vegetative irrigation when the lower threshold of soil moisture reaches 70% of the water-holding capacity on unfertilized (31.9 kg/ha) and on fertilized (38.0 kg/ha) soil. Compared to moisture charging irrigation in furrows (control). Where the yield was lower, respectively, without fertilizers by 2.2 c/ha, with fertilizers (N90P120) – 8.3c/ha.