Factors influencing failed vaginal trial of labor and subsequent cesarean section in elderly multiparous women, and maternal and neonatal outcomes

Conversion to CS due to failed TVD in elderly multiparous women is influenced by multiple factors, including maternal age, excessive GWG, and various pregnancy complications. In clinical practice, optimizing intrapartum management strategies, strengthening prenatal weight management, and enhancing fetal weight monitoring are expected to reduce the rate of conversion to CS and improve maternal and neonatal clinical outcomes.