Advances in Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract: This review, "Advances in Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Comprehensive Review," offers a comprehensive overview of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), emphasizing their basic principles, classification, synthesis, and characterization methods. It also highlights various factors, such as component ratio, organic solvent choice, and pH value, that affect the synthesis of MOFs. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel family of porous materials made up of organic linkers and metal-containing nodes and can be considered a subclass of coordination polymers. MOFs can be synthesized by several well-established synthetic methods, including hydro( solvo)thermal, microwave-assisted, sonochemical, and electrochemical methods. In the past few decades, MOFs have gained significant attention for their structural flexibility, high surface area, and potential across various fields, driven by their tunable properties and scalable functionality.