Low levels of the second messenger c-di-GMP enhance tolerance and resistance to meropenem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

This study supports the notion that <i>P. aeruginosa</i> meropenem susceptibility and tolerance are modulated by intracellular c-di-GMP concentrations, with low c-di-GMP levels promoting higher fitness. Our findings indicate that c-di-GMP exerts its regulatory effect through mechanisms distinct from Hfq-mediated porin control, underscoring the existence of parallel regulatory pathways that shape antibiotic response.