Recent Advances in Photonic Bound States in the Continuum: From Fundamentals to Engineering and Implementation

ABSTRACT Recent remarkable advancements in meta‐photonics are shaping the future of innovation, enhancing capabilities across various fields, and promoting sustainability through energy‐efficient solutions. In particular, bound states in the continuum (BICs) have attracted significant attention as a highly versatile and powerful platform for advancing photonic technologies in fundamental and practical applications. BICs are non‐radiative states that enable precise confinement and control of light properties, including polarization, amplitude, and phase. This review paper offers a comprehensive understanding of photonic BICs, from fundamental principles to engineering and implementation across various optical regimes for diverse applications. Based on the implementation and promising potential to revolutionize a wide range of optical applications, the BIC systems are categorized and discussed across different optical regimes, from ultraviolet to visible, infrared, and terahertz. Moreover, a section discussed the crucial role of asymmetry in generating and controlling BICs, leading to practically implementable quasi‐BICs with finite yet high Q‐factors. Furthermore, dynamic BIC devices, including phase change materials (PCMs) are discussed as advanced photonic concepts to achieve real‐time tunable and adaptable light confinement in modern optical technologies. Additionally, integrating artificial intelligence in BIC‐related technologies has also been discussed to expedite the development and optimization of advanced BIC designs with enhanced light‐matter interactions and high‐Q factors. In addition, implementing BIC devices is addressed within the context of passive and active photonic systems. Finally, the potential future developments of BIC‐based devices are highlighted, underscoring their critical role in next‐generation photonic technologies.