Photocatalytic Cross‐Coupling of Phenols and Heteroaryl Halides With Machine Learning‐Guided Reaction Prediction

ABSTRACT Developing sustainable methods for C(sp 2 )─C(sp 2 ) bond formation that avoid transition‐metals and prefunctionalized substrates remains a central goal in synthetic chemistry. Phenols and N ‐heteroarenes (azines) are abundantly available, yet their cross‐coupling is hindered by mismatched redox properties and chemoselectivity issues. Herein, we report a photochemical strategy that couples phenols with heteroaryl halides under redox‐neutral conditions using an organic dye photocatalyst and base. Concurrent oxidation of the phenol component and reduction of the azine component generates complementary radicals that cross‐couple efficiently, delivering moderate to high yields (up to 91%) with high functional group tolerance. Mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) studies elucidate the radical reaction pathways, while substrate clustering, high‐throughput experimentation (HTE), and machine learning (ML) enable prediction of C–C versus S N Ar reactivity across broad chemical space.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Angewandte Chemie
Published
2026-03-09
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.8222003
Primary Topic
Radical Photochemical Reactions
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Photocatalytic Cross‐Coupling of Phenols and Heteroaryl Halides With Machine Learning‐Guided Reaction Prediction

Matthew C. Carson, Madeline E. Rotella, Kalyana B. Duggal, Alice Wu et al.
Angewandte Chemie
Radical Photochemical Reactions
article

Photocatalytic Cross‐Coupling of Phenols and Heteroaryl Halides With Machine Learning‐Guided Reaction Prediction

Matthew C. Carson, Madeline E. Rotella, Kalyana B. Duggal, Alice Wu, Marisa C. Kozlowski
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Developing sustainable methods for C(sp 2 )─C(sp 2 ) bond formation that avoid transition‐metals and prefunctionalized substrates remains a central goal in synthetic chemistry. Phenols and N ‐heteroarenes (azines) are abundantly available, yet their cross‐coupling is hindered by mismatched redox properties and chemoselectivity issues. Herein, we report a photochemical strategy that couples phenols with heteroaryl halides under redox‐neutral conditions using an organic dye photocatalyst and base. Concurrent oxidation of the phenol component and reduction of the azine component generates complementary radicals that cross‐couple efficiently, delivering moderate to high yields (up to 91%) with high functional group tolerance. Mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) studies elucidate the radical reaction pathways, while substrate clustering, high‐throughput experimentation (HTE), and machine learning (ML) enable prediction of C–C versus S N Ar reactivity across broad chemical space.

Angewandte Chemie
University of Pennsylvania (US)
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Openalex Percentile: Top 28%
Radical Photochemical Reactions
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.