Association between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and neck pain, disability index, and cervical physiological function in university students: a cross-sectional study

SB negatively affects cervical health in university students, whereas PA is associated with better neck function indicators. The combined effect of high SB and low PA exacerbates disability index, and further deteriorates cervical physiological function. This study provides empirical evidence for preventive and interventional strategies targeting cervical health issues in university students.