Circular accounting practices for the Spanish waste sector: an approach from the stakeholders’ theoretical framework in a circular economy

Purpose This study aims to extend our knowledge of environmental accounting practices related to the circular economy (CE). This study expands knowledge of environmental accounting practices related to the CE, a topic still in its early stages of research from a stakeholders’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach Thirty-one Spanish waste companies are surveyed on their circular accounting practices associated with CE activities and the influence of relevant stakeholders. Partial least squares structural equation modeling is used to analyze the relationships among these main constructs. Findings Using unpublished definitions of a set of accounting practices related to the CE and an analysis of their company implementation, this study empirically demonstrates the central role of stakeholders in both the adoption of the CE and the development of circular accounting practices. Practical implications This study provides a novel definition and measurement of accounting practices for the CE in the waste sector, along with key accountability indicators. Practitioners can align sustainability accounting with sector-specific circular actions and stakeholder expectations. Accountants, chief financial officers and managers can apply the results to measure and report CE-related impacts in alignment with primary stakeholders. Social implications Circular accounting enhances transparency, accountability and stakeholder trust, thereby reinforcing the role of waste management companies in promoting a more sustainable and equitable economic model. Originality/value The results prompt debate on the impact of CE on the transformation of accounting systems in companies adopting circular practices or principles, especially during their initial CE implementation. Notably, this study offers novel insights from an underresearched yet critical sector and national context, drawing on survey data to illustrate how accounting systems are only being partially adapted to emerging circularity and sustainability reporting requirements.