Design-Driven Reconfiguration of Spatial Hierarchy in Adaptive Reuse: A Visibility-Based Plan-Level Analysis of an Industrial-to-Hotel Conversion

Adaptive reuse projects frequently involve substantial plan-level reorganization; however, the reconfiguration of spatial hierarchy within interior layouts remains insufficiently examined at the building scale. Background: This study investigates how spatial hierarchy is restructured during the adaptive reuse of an industrial building converted into a hotel, focusing on configurational implications of program-driven design decisions within unchanged architectural boundaries. Methods: Visibility-based Space Syntax analyses were conducted using visual integration, connectivity, and mean depth measures. Rather than relying on floor-level averages, a control-point-based comparative protocol enabled systematic pre- and post-intervention comparisons linked to plan-level architectural interventions under identical analytical parameters. Results: The findings indicate selective amplification of spatial accessibility and visual integration at defined circulation nodes on the ground floor, while upper floors exhibit contraction of visibility fields and increased relational depth. These shifts indicate a floor-specific redistribution of spatial hierarchy rather than uniform configurational transformation. Conclusions: The results suggest that spatial transformation in adaptive reuse can be interpreted as a design-driven recalibration of configurational relationships within fixed architectural boundaries. Without pursuing statistical generalisation, the study proposes a case-bound analytical protocol that may inform examination of comparable adaptive reuse contexts where program transformation occurs within stable spatial envelopes.