Evaluation of inhalation and dermal exposure to VOCs and SVOCs from commercial nebulizers in the pediatric population

Although measured VOC and SVOC concentrations were low and below established toxicological thresholds, these findings underscore the need for preventive measures, particularly for sensitive populations such as infants and children. Inhalation appears to be the most relevant exposure pathway during use, while dermal exposure, though minimal, may contribute to sensitization risks. The presence of PBT-classified siloxanes further emphasizes the need to consider long-term human health and environmental implications. Overall, these findings support the implementation of preventive strategies and continued monitoring of material emissions in medical devices intended for vulnerable users.