Osteoid osteoma of the mandible: A case report

Osteoid osteoma is a rare benign bone tumor, exceptionally affecting the mandible and often confused with osteoma or osteoblastoma. This report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges and management of mandibular osteoid osteoma. A 32-year-old woman with intermittent mandibular pain and mild vestibular swelling. Panoramic imaging and cone beam computed tomography showed a 1 cm lesion with thinning of the vestibular cortex, without soft tissue or mandibular canal involvement. Complete surgical excision with targeted apical resection of tooth 36 preserved tooth vitality and relieved pain. Histopathology confirmed osteoid osteoma. Six-month follow-up revealed full healing and no recurrence. This case underscores the importance of combining clinical evaluation, imaging, and histopathology for accurate diagnosis and management. Reporting additional cases is crucial to improve recognition, differential diagnosis, and treatment strategies for mandibular osteoid osteoma.