Influence of Organic Solvents on the Micellization Behavior of Conventional Surfactants: A Comparative Study by Spectroscopic Methods

ABSTRACT Influence of organic solvents, such as nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, and aniline, on the micellization behavior of two conventional surfactants, that is, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Triton X‐100 (TX100), was investigated using stalagmometry, viscosity, colorimetry, and FTIR spectroscopy. Several surface adsorption parameters, that is, the maximum surface excess concentration (Γ max ), the minimum area per molecule ( A min ), the surface pressure at CMC ( π CMC ), and the efficiency of adsorption (pC 20 ), including the CMC, were determined through stalagmometry. The results demonstrated significant alterations in CMC and γ CMC values upon the introduction of different v/v percentages of organic solvents, following this order of decrease: water > 30 v/v% > 70 v/v% for nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, and aniline. A min values decreased with increasing v/v% of organic solvent for TX100 but increased for SDS. Additionally, pC 20 was observed to be higher for TX100 compared to SDS, indicating greater efficiency of TX100 in reducing CMC. The relative viscosity of the surfactants and organic solvents was determined using the viscosity method, and the CMC values for all the systems were confirmed through colorimetry. FTIR spectroscopy was employed to identify the functional groups involved in the complexation between nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, aniline, and surfactants. The current agreements will incorporate pharmaceutical sciences, cosmetics, medicinal delivery, and household goods.