Comparison of different phantoms for teaching ultrasound‐guided fascia iliaca block—Users survey

Abstract Background Ultrasound‐guided fascia iliaca block (FIB) is an effective regional anaesthesia technique for pain management. Simulation using phantoms provides a safe training environment, but limited evidence exists comparing different phantom models. Objective This study compared three phantom models—konnyaku jelly (Phantom A), jelly with embedded structures (Phantom B), and pork‐based with embedded structures (Phantom C)—regarding their usefulness in teaching ultrasound‐guided FIB. Methods A survey was conducted during an ultrasound‐guided regional anaesthesia workshop in June 2025. Twenty emergency medicine learners and six instructors evaluated all three phantoms using a 5‐point Likert scale across domains of anatomical representation, ultrasound visualization, tactile sensation, and overall usefulness. Participants also ranked the relative importance of phantom features. Data were analysed using Kruskal‐Wallis and Dunn's post‐hoc tests. Results Learners rated Phantom C highest overall (median = 5) compared to Phantom A and B (median = 4, p = 0.005). Phantom C significantly outperformed A and B in anatomical representation and tactile sensation ( p < 0.01). No difference was observed in ultrasound visualization across models. Phantom A was valued for simplicity and demonstrating hydro‐dissection, whilst Phantom B provided intermediate fidelity. Instructors' ratings showed no statistically significant differences between models. Ranking of features revealed no clear consensus on priority aspects of phantom design. Conclusion Pork‐based Phantom C offered superior realism and tactile sensation, making it most effective for novice training. However, simpler phantoms remain useful for teaching specific concepts. A combination of models balancing cost, safety, and educational value may best support regional anaesthesia training.