High‐Throughput Sub‐Diffraction‐Limited Two‐Photon Polymerization Direct Laser Writing via 10‐Channels Parallel Peripheral Photoinhibition

ABSTRACT Two‐photon polymerization direct laser writing (TPP‐DLW) enables fully 3D nanofabrication and offers clear advantages over conventional lithography for optical elements, biomedical devices, and advanced functional materials. Nonetheless, fabrication accuracy and throughput remain key bottlenecks. In light of these challenges, this work presents a 10‐channels parallel peripheral photoinhibition direct laser writing technique, dubbed ‐DLW, for sub‐diffraction‐limited 3D nanoprinting that simultaneously narrows feature size and improves throughput compared with traditional DLW. By employing a 3D hollow focus in conjunction with peripheral photoinhibition (PPI) technique, the feature size of the fabricated suspended nanowire is reduced from nm to nm. Leveraging fast and parallel scanning, the ‐DLW system achieves a maximum printing speed on the order of voxels per second in experiments, while maintaining high accuracy, throughput, and design flexibility. This work establishes a scalable platform for high‐precision, high‐throughput, and 3D nanoprinting and offers a viable pathway to advance functional device fabrication in photonic systems, biomedical interfaces, and engineered metamaterials.

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Publication Details

Journal
Laser & Photonics Review
Published
2026-02-24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202502250
Primary Topic
Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
Type
article
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article

High‐Throughput Sub‐Diffraction‐Limited Two‐Photon Polymerization Direct Laser Writing via 10‐Channels Parallel Peripheral Photoinhibition

Jisen Wen, Chenyi Su, Chaomin Ding, Liang Xu et al.
Laser & Photonics Review
Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
article

High‐Throughput Sub‐Diffraction‐Limited Two‐Photon Polymerization Direct Laser Writing via 10‐Channels Parallel Peripheral Photoinhibition

Jisen Wen, Chenyi Su, Chaomin Ding, Liang Xu, Liang Zhang, Mengdi Luo, Dazhao Zhu, Zhen Wei, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu, Xiaoming Shen, Zhenyao Yang
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Two‐photon polymerization direct laser writing (TPP‐DLW) enables fully 3D nanofabrication and offers clear advantages over conventional lithography for optical elements, biomedical devices, and advanced functional materials. Nonetheless, fabrication accuracy and throughput remain key bottlenecks. In light of these challenges, this work presents a 10‐channels parallel peripheral photoinhibition direct laser writing technique, dubbed ‐DLW, for sub‐diffraction‐limited 3D nanoprinting that simultaneously narrows feature size and improves throughput compared with traditional DLW. By employing a 3D hollow focus in conjunction with peripheral photoinhibition (PPI) technique, the feature size of the fabricated suspended nanowire is reduced from nm to nm. Leveraging fast and parallel scanning, the ‐DLW system achieves a maximum printing speed on the order of voxels per second in experiments, while maintaining high accuracy, throughput, and design flexibility. This work establishes a scalable platform for high‐precision, high‐throughput, and 3D nanoprinting and offers a viable pathway to advance functional device fabrication in photonic systems, biomedical interfaces, and engineered metamaterials.

Laser & Photonics Review
Zhejiang University of Science and Technology (CN), Shanxi University (CN), Zhejiang Lab (CN), Zhejiang University (CN)
Quality Education
Openalex Percentile: Top 31%
Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
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High‐Throughput Sub‐Diffraction‐Limited Two‐Photon Polymerization Direct Laser Writing via 10‐Channels Parallel Peripheral Photoinhibition — Jisen Wen, Chenyi Su, et al. · Laser & Photonics Review (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS