Biogenic Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Sugarcane Leaves and Their Application in Methyl Violet Dye Removal: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the green synthesis of magnesium oxide‐based nanoparticles (NPs) using the leaves of sugarcane, which act as a promising bio‐reducing agent for the green synthesis of NPs. The synthesized sugarcane‐mediated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (SC@MgONPs) were extensively characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), nano‐drop spectrophotometer (NDS), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), zeta potential analysis (), particle size analyzer (PSA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). SC@MgONPs had a spherical shape ranging from 10 to 25 nm with a multi‐function nature. The adsorption of methyl violet (MV) dye on the NPs was studied by varying contact time, concentration, and pH. Adsorption and kinetic studies were also conducted. Isotherm analysis indicated that the adsorption data are best described by the Freundlich model, suggesting heterogeneous adsorption, while kinetic analysis confirmed pseudo‐second‐order behavior, indicating a chemisorption‐controlled process. The synthesized green NPs demonstrate high efficiency in removing 97.8% of MV dye from aqueous solutions under ambient temperature and basic pH conditions. This study highlights a sustainable approach for synthesis of novel green NPs, offering promising potential for removal of MV dye.