Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Alkylation of Quinoxaline‐2(1 <i>H</i> )‐ones Enabled by Heterogeneous g‐C <sub>3</sub> N <sub>4</sub> Photoredox Catalysis

A sustainable protocol for the direct C3‐alkylation of quinoxalin‐2‐ones using graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ) as a heterogeneous photocatalyst is reported. This article is the first to use g‐C 3 N 4 to enable N‐heterocyclic alkylation via direct decarboxylation, thereby overcoming the limitations of homogeneous Ir/Ru systems. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with O 2 as the oxidant, tolerating diverse functional groups and affording products in 65%–92% yields. The g‐C 3 N 4 catalyst, prepared from earth‐abundant precursors, is readily recycled by centrifugation and maintains its activity over five cycles. This method offers advantages in cost, environmental impact, and scalability, making it a green and promising candidate for industrial applications.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis
Published
2026-03-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adsc.70326
Primary Topic
Radical Photochemical Reactions
Type
article
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article

Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Alkylation of Quinoxaline‐2(1 H )‐ones Enabled by Heterogeneous g‐C 3 N 4 Photoredox Catalysis

Changmei Zhang, Danqing Zheng, Y. An, Jing Ding et al.
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis
Radical Photochemical Reactions
article

Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Alkylation of Quinoxaline‐2(1 H )‐ones Enabled by Heterogeneous g‐C 3 N 4 Photoredox Catalysis

Changmei Zhang, Danqing Zheng, Y. An, Jing Ding, Xiaojing Wei, Yuxuan He
article en

Abstract

A sustainable protocol for the direct C3‐alkylation of quinoxalin‐2‐ones using graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ) as a heterogeneous photocatalyst is reported. This article is the first to use g‐C 3 N 4 to enable N‐heterocyclic alkylation via direct decarboxylation, thereby overcoming the limitations of homogeneous Ir/Ru systems. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with O 2 as the oxidant, tolerating diverse functional groups and affording products in 65%–92% yields. The g‐C 3 N 4 catalyst, prepared from earth‐abundant precursors, is readily recycled by centrifugation and maintains its activity over five cycles. This method offers advantages in cost, environmental impact, and scalability, making it a green and promising candidate for industrial applications.

Advanced Synthesis & CatalysisVol. 368(5)
Nanjing Tech University (CN)
Responsible consumption and production
Openalex Percentile: Top 29%
Radical Photochemical Reactions
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Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Alkylation of Quinoxaline‐2(1 <i>H</i> )‐ones Enabled by Heterogeneous g‐C <sub>3</sub> N <sub>4</sub> Photoredox Catalysis — Changmei Zhang, Danqing Zheng, et al. · Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS