Investigation of Gamma‐Ray Attenuation in Shielding Metals: A Monte Carlo Simulation

ABSTRACT Monte Carlo methods for modeling gamma ray irradiation on metallic targets to study radiation shielding properties of material using Geant4 software that offers several advantages in enhancing accuracy and efficiency. It enables real‐time and in‐situ simulations, focusing on application‐specific radiation shielding. In this work, the studies have made different models on Geant4 Software using C++ language for different metals like lead, bismuth, lanthanum, and aluminum with their thickness increasing from 2 to 8 cm, and gamma rays of energies 0.5 and 1 MeV are incident on them. The gamma ray transmits from material at different thicknesses are detected by the Scintillator detector, and the number of photons is calculated. The obtained linear attenuation coefficient value was further confirmed by comparing it with the NIST XCOM database. It is seen that the energy decreases with an increase in the thickness of the material, and also the linear attenuation coefficient at that thickness for a particular energy.