A Hybrid Blue Energy Harvesting Device Based on Constant‐Voltage Triboelectric Nanogenerator

ABSTRACT Marine environmental monitoring relies on distributed sensor networks, yet sustainable power supply remains a critical challenge due to the limitations of batteries and inefficient energy harvesting under low‐frequency wave conditions. While triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) show promise for blue energy harvesting, they often suffer from the trade‐off between power output and durability, along with pulsed alternating‐current output unsuitable for direct‐current electronics operation. Here, we present a hybrid blue energy harvesting device based on a constant‐voltage triboelectric nanogenerator (HCV‐TENG). The system incorporates a soft‐contact constant‐voltage TENG (SCV‐TENG) for wave energy conversion and a non‐contact constant‐voltage TENG (NCV‐TENG) for wind energy harvesting, producing regulated direct‐current output through an integrated rectification and phase modulation mechanism. The SCV‐TENG achieves an average power density of 31.2 W/m 3 at 2 Hz and acts as a charge pump, boosting the output of NCV‐TENG by over 160.2 times. In water waves, the system delivers an in situ average power density of 7.9 W/m 3 . Remarkably, the HCV‐TENG shows only 0.68% performance loss after 2.33 million cycles, demonstrating excellent longevity. By powering commercial sensors and enabling wireless data transmission, the HCV‐TENG offers a robust and efficient solution for self‐powered systems in marine environments, overcoming key limitations in output stability and device durability.