Load Transfer Systems in Jointed Concrete Pavements

The structural integrity and long-term performance of jointed concrete pavements (JCP) depend largely upon the efficiency and reliability of dowel load transfer systems. Traditional evaluation methods, such as the AASHTO T253 single-dowel load-deflection test, have been found to be short of simulating real-world, multi-dowel behavior of JCP under repeated wheel loadings. The purpose of this research is to validate a new testing methodology developed by Mark Snyder and his team, ACPA T253-23a. This research aims to investigate the mechanistic behavior of dowel joints under improved testing and loading conditions, which better simulate real field performance. A laboratory test program was modeled after the new ACPA T253-23a specification. Concrete slabs were cast and tested under static loading conditions. Load-deflection responses were recorded using LVDTs. The data collected from the laboratory tests was compared to that of FEM modeling built within the ANSYS interface. The models developed incorporated realistic dowel-concrete bond-slip interfaces and subgrade support conditions. Analysis between both the experimental and FEM data helps to establish correlations that allow the prediction of field-scale performance from laboratory measurements. Findings of this research aim to validate the work previously conducted by Mark Snyder and his team and the ABAQUS models developed by the University of Pittsburgh. This study will help contribute to the mechanistic understanding of dowel joint behavior and work to validate an improved structural evaluation protocol for implementation in agency specifications, supporting more durable and sustainable rigid pavement designs.