The Impact of Coal Fly Ash Particles on Human Lung Epithelial Cells Using a Single-Cell Method

Lung health is paramount to overall well-being, and understanding the effects of airborne particulate matter on lung cells is critical for public health. This study focuses on the impact of coal fly ash (CFA) on lung cells. Coal fly ash is a byproduct of burning coal, often found near coal power plants and industrial areas. These particles contain harmful substances that pose serious health risks, such as respiratory issues, lung cancer, cardiovascular problems and adverse birth outcomes. This project aims to fill gaps in current knowledge by examining the effects of CFA on individual lung cells. Using live-cell imaging, the study tracks how cells respond to CFA exposure, focusing on cell division, interactions with particles, and cell death. Preliminary results show that, Increased concentration of CFA decreased cell viability wherein higher CFA concentrations resulted in a greater proportion of dying cells compared lower concentrations. Also, higher CFA concentrations led to fewer cell divisions and longer times between divisions, suggesting that CFA particles have a significant impact not just by killing cells but also on those that are alive. By deepening our understanding of how CFA affects lung cells, this research contributes to our knowledge of how pollutants from human activities impact human health. This information is crucial for developing policies and regulations that protect communities, especially as environmental challenges and climate change continue to evolve.