Zero-Energy Fluctuation Dark Matter Model (ZEFD Model)
This paper proposes the Zero-Energy Fluctuation Dark Matter (ZEFD) model.<br/>Based on primordial quantum fluctuations and cosmic expansion dynamics, we construct a unified framework for dark matter without introducing new particles or dark energy.<br/>The universe satisfies a strict global zero-energy balance: positive matter energy and negative gravitational energy cancel exactly.<br/><br/>High-amplitude primordial fluctuations collapse into ordinary matter via expansion freezing, while the remaining non-collapsed fluctuations form dark matter as a spacetime background field.<br/>Ordinary matter and dark matter share a common origin and maintain natural spatial correlation.<br/><br/>The model establishes a causal relation between cosmic expansion and black hole evaporation: cosmic expansion modifies vacuum boundary conditions near the event horizon and induces Hawking radiation.<br/>Hawking radiation is shown to be a local dynamical mapping of cosmic expansion.<br/><br/>The ZEFD model unifies ordinary matter, dark matter, cosmic acceleration, and black hole evaporation within one self-consistent framework.<br/>It is fully consistent with general relativity, quantum mechanics, and current cosmological observations.
Authors
- Haowei Qiao
Institutions
- Hong Kong Baptist University (HK)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Published
- 2026-03-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18902927
- Primary Topic
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00