Thermophysiological and tactile comfort properties of denim fabrics with hemp blended single and dual-core yarns

Purpose Denim is a timeless fashion item, with various fibers blended with cotton to enhance comfort, fit and aesthetics. The use of natural fibers beyond cotton is also being explored for sustainability. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of incorporating hemp fiber into single- and dual-core stretch yarns on moisture management, thermal comfort and tactile properties of denim fabrics, evaluated in both untreated and rinsed conditions. Design/methodology/approach Seven types of fabrics in different compositions were selected for testing moisture management properties (air permeability, water absorbency, vertical and transfer wicking ability, drying time and rate and relative water vapor permeability); thermal properties (conductivity, absorptivity and resistance); and tactile properties (compressibility, shear rigidity, bending rigidity and formability). The test results were analyzed statistically. Findings Adding hemp to stretch denim enhanced moisture management, air permeability, water absorption, wicking, relative water vapor permeability and drying efficiency, especially in single-core yarn blends. Hemp also increased thermal absorptivity, providing a cooler feel, with dual-core yarns having a greater effect. In addition, it increases tactile comfort by reducing shear and bending stiffness, resulting in softer, more easily shaped, smoother-sewn and better-looking fabrics. Originality/value There is no study comprehensively examining the thermo-physiological and tactile comfort properties of fabrics in which hemp fiber is used along with cotton/elastane and cotton/T400/elastane, which are among the most commonly used fibers and yarn structures in denim fabrics.