A holistic approach to assessing adult urinary incontinence in primary care

Urinary incontinence is a common but often underreported experience, largely because of feelings of embarrassment and stigma associated with the condition. Urinary incontinence can be highly debilitating and isolating, with a significant impact on psychological, physical and social wellbeing. Yet, feelings of shame or misconceptions that incontinence is a normal part of the ageing process mean that patients often do not seek medical advice until they have been experiencing symptoms for a long time. Therefore, holistic, patient-centred and compassionate assessment is vital. General practice nurses are often the first point of contact for the patient, and may already have a trusting relationships with them. They are thus well placed to identify, assess, educate and support patients experiencing urinary incontinence and to coordinate onward care or referrals. This article will explore some of the practical aspects of assessing patients, as well as holistic considerations. Challenges in management of urinary incontinence are also discussed, alongside the important role of primary care nurses.