Decoding multidimensional features and cultural semiotics: a systematic investigation of traditional Chinese paper-cutting artistry

Abstract This study integrates literature analysis and quantitative data mining (K-prototypes, hierarchical clustering) to classify Chinese paper-cutting’s core features (modeling, techniques, cultural implications), revealing inherent classification rules and cultural connotations for application in digital preservation and innovative design strategies. The results show that K-prototypes algorithm can effectively integrate paper-cutting techniques and cultural semantic features (silhouette coefficient = 0.75), and divide 128 samples into three categories: Class 1 (n = 46) is mainly composed of high-complexity symmetrical patterns, which carries the Confucian philosophical metaphor of the golden mean; Class 2 (n = 43) is characterized by the theme of life engraved in the positive engraving, which reflects the Taoist view of nature; Class 3 (n = 39) takes folk symbols as the core and embodies the collective cultural memory. The research results not only fill the shortcomings of the existing qualitative analysis, but also provide a theoretical basis and method support for the digital protection of traditional art and cultural and creative industries, and at the same time promote the integration of traditional culture and modern science and technology, and promote the development of cultural and creative industries.