The self-reinforcing cycle under dual constraints—a study of the behavioral logic of urban empty-nest older adults substituting self-medication for formal medical treatment

The findings indicate that the behavior of "substituting self-medication for formal medical treatment" essentially functions as a survival strategy among the older adults under structural constraints. This strategy allows them to maintain autonomy through self-reliant narratives and achieve social adaptation via peer group-based mutual support. The study offers a theoretical pathway that integrates structural reflection with subjective care, contributing meaningfully to the development of healthy aging policies.