Evaluation of Blockchain Technology for Enhancing Data Privacy and Security in Cloud Computing Environments

Cloud computing plays a critical role in China’s healthcare digitalization, yet traditional cloud systems remain vulnerable to unauthorized access, tampering, and limited auditability. This study evaluates how blockchain technology can enhance data privacy, Unauthorized access attempts control, and regulatory Compliance score (0-100) in cloud-based hospital information systems. A hybrid architecture integrating Ethereum, Hyperledger Fabric, and FISCO BCOS with Alibaba or Huawei Cloud is implemented, using smart contracts for automated Unauthorized access attempts validation, immutable Immutable audit logs, and cryptographic authentication. Two configurations—a traditional cloud system and a blockchain-secured system—are tested using synthetic patient data across 500 simulated transactions. Results show a reduction in unauthorized access attempts from 15 to 2, complete elimination of data tampering incidents, and an increase in access control effectiveness from 72% to 98%. Compliance score (0-100) with China’s PIPL and DSL also improves, with the overall score rising from 58 to 94, while latency increases moderately from 120 ms to 160 ms but remains within acceptable operational thresholds. The findings demonstrate that blockchain significantly enhances security, integrity, and Compliance score (0-100) in cloud-based healthcare environments.