Factors Affecting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Development on a National Scale

This research aims to investigate factors influencing in-country ICT development projects, considering decision-making roles within a social and political context to foster consensus, focusing on Small Island Developing States (SIDS) including Samoa. This study argues that such factors can be classified into processes (h1), governance (h2), and sociocultural indicators (h3). The conceptual framework is built on multiple decision-making models including social choice and rational decision-making procedures, as well as the inclusion of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) ICT Development Index Framework. This research employed semi-structured interviews and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis to uncover key obstacles, including complex processes, financial sustainability, and cultural norms. The study identified barriers such as leadership styles, geography, and policies, emphasising the importance of decision-making roles within a social and political context. Solutions proposed include the integration of ICT policies, cultural values, and local capacity development. The findings underscore the need for stakeholder collaboration and consideration of socio-cultural factors in decision making. Despite limitations in sample size and bias, the study contributes to understanding the intersection of technology, governance, and culture in ICT development. Implications from the study support the existing literature and provide practicality to the information obtained. It provides practical advice for foreign investors to take into account the social and cultural norms of the local community when establishing businesses in foreign countries, particularly in societies where culture significantly influences decision-making processes. The political implications seem to suggest monitoring the progress and impact of local policies on the development of local businesses. Future research should gather diverse perspectives and employ mixed-methods approaches to deepen insights and address similar challenges in other countries.