Radiation Situation and Radiation Doses in the Russian Federation

In the paper, information about the radiation situation and radiation doses of the population, as well as occupational exposure in 2022 within the territories served by the FMBA of Russia has been presented. The radiation situation and radiation doses of the population due to the natural and technogenically altered radiation background have been analyzed. Data on the exposure of personnel of groups A and B of enterprises, including nuclear power plants, have been presented. In none of the controlled regions was there any excess of the maximum permissible levels of radioactive contamination of air and water in open waterbodies in the sanitary protection zone and the observation zone. The distribution of the number of personnel working with ionizing radiation sources or exposed to ionizing radiation by dose intervals for individual radiation doses, as well as the value of the collective dose, has been given. The main number of 58 965 personnel (67.5%) received radiation doses up to 1 mSv. The external and internal irradiation of personnel of domestic nuclear power plants, for which data on averages, medians, modes, standard deviations, quantiles, coefficients of variation of effective doses, and collective doses are provided, has been analyzed. Compared to 2017, the collective doses of most nuclear power plants have somewhat decreased. The average dose has not changed significantly for most nuclear power plants compared to 2017. Information on the structure, number of X-ray radiological procedures by types and groups of organs, and collective and average radiation dose of patients for various procedures in 2022 on the territories serviced by the FMBA of Russia has been provided. The quantitative ratio is dominated by chest organ fluorograms. The structure of medical exposure of patients in 2022 has been given. Computer tomography has made the largest contribution to the total dose (75.01%) at a contribution of 6.25% in terms of the number of procedures. Data on the radiation situation and radiation dose in the Russian Federation obtained in 2022 have been compared with similar data for other years.