Differences and similarities in children's prose from different cultural traditions: Literary features and educational potential

The aim of the study was to identify the educational potential of children's literature by examining its cultural characteristics and universal functions. To achieve this, the literary traditions of four cultures, Kyrgyz, Turkish, European, and American, were analysed. The research methodology was based on a comparative analysis of children's literature, with a focus on its cultural and educational context. Methods included content analysis, textual interpretation, and the study of critical sources, enabling an evaluation of plot motifs, stylistic features, and educational functions across different literary traditions. The findings revealed that children's literature in all four cultures fulfils universal educational and developmental roles, shaping moral values, emotional intelligence, and socially significant qualities in children. Common themes were identified, such as the conflict between good and evil, the overcoming of adversity, friendship, and mutual support, core narrative elements that foster children's decision-making skills and sense of responsibility. Kyrgyz literature was marked by a strong emphasis on mentorship, the transmission of knowledge, respect for tradition, and harmony with nature. Turkish literature distinguished itself through its focus on family values, social justice, and realism, which thereby enhanced its educational impact. The European tradition was rich in symbolism, fairy-tale elements, and universal moral lessons, promoting a more profound understanding of life situations. American literature placed emphasis on individuality, adventure, and realism, highlighting the importance of freedom and independence and encouraging self-confidence and personal growth in children.