Research on the relationships among transformational leadership, job crafting and psychological empowerment of teachers in medical universities

This study aims to examine the relationships among transformational leadership, psychological empowerment, and job crafting among teachers in medical universities, with a particular focus on the mediating role of psychological empowerment. A total of 600 teachers from three medical universities completed three validated scales: the Transformational Leadership Scale, the Psychological Empowerment Scale, and the Job Crafting Scale, and 566 valid questionnaires were collected (94.33% response rate). Pearson correlation, CFA, SEM, ML, and bootstrap methods were employed using SPSS 28.0 and AMOS 28.0 to test the proposed hypotheses. The results indicated that transformational leadership had a significant positive impact on medical teachers’ job crafting and psychological empowerment. Moreover, psychological empowerment significantly positively predicted job crafting and partially mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and job crafting. These findings suggest that fostering transformational leadership and enhancing teachers’ psychological empowerment are effective strategies to promote proactive work behaviors among medical university teachers.