Pleiotropic roles of elongation factor P in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> physiology revealed by phenotypic and multi-omics analyses

Changes in the proteome have been reported to be consistent with those in the transcriptome. However, a serious change in a gene or protein, such as elongation factor P (EF-P), whose alteration causes pleiotropic effects, leads to proteomic changes that do not fully coincide with the transcriptome. The complex interactions between the transcriptome and proteome result in previously unknown and already known phenotypic changes in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Changes in the expression of more than 1,000 genes were observed in the <i>efp</i> mutant, whereas changes in only approximately 200 proteins were observed when the same cut-off thresholds were used. This suggests that the robustness of the proteome against severe transcriptomic changes may require largely unknown post-transcriptional regulation.