Eggshell membrane supplementation improves joint symptoms and function in osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that leads to functional limitations and reduced quality of life. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of eggshell membrane (ESM) supplementation for OA management. A total of 100 participants were assigned to either the ESM ( n = 49) or placebo ( n = 46) group for 12 weeks. ESM supplementation led to significant improvements in joint-related symptoms, as assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) ( p < 0.001) and physical function based on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score ( p < 0.05) compared to placebo. Additionally, 36-item short form survey (SF-36) scores indicated enhanced vitality and mental well-being ( p < 0.05). No serious adverse events were reported, supporting the safety of ESM supplementation. These findings suggest that ESM may help alleviate OA-associated symptoms and improve patient-reported pain and physical function outcomes, supporting its potential as a bioactive functional food ingredient for joint health. Further studies are warranted to explore long-term effects and potential synergies with lifestyle interventions. • ESM supplementation reduces visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 6 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05). • ESM reduces Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) total score and sub-type (Pain, Stiffness, Physical function) at 6 and 12 weeks ( p < 0.05). • Improve on GUG test and squats test after 12 weeks of intake, however changes were not significantly. • ESM is a safe, sustainable ingredient for promoting healthy, youthful joint.