Combined ultrasound localization and bronchoscopic-guided percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in a child with pharyngolaryngeal venous malformation: a case report

This case illustrates that combining ultrasound localization with bronchoscopic guidance may offer a feasible, minimally invasive approach to establishing a stable airway in children with complex supraglottic obstruction. In this patient, the technique enabled repeated sclerotherapy sessions while maintaining ventilation stability and minimizing airway trauma. It may be considered as a potential option in carefully selected older children with immediate surgical backup when conventional airway techniques are limited by severe supraglottic distortion.