The 'Warung' Digital Transformation: A Socio-Technical Perspective on MSME Resilience in the Indonesian Gig Economy

The warung — Indonesia's ubiquitous micro-enterprise — has stood at the heart of everyday economic life for centuries. But today, it finds itself at a crossroads. This study investigates how digital platform adoption shapes the socio-technical resilience of warung-scale MSMEs operating within Indonesia's gig economy, using Surabaya as the research context. Through a structured survey of 60 warung operators and regression analysis via SPSS 25.00, the findings confirm that platform adoption (β = .712, R² = .724) and gig economy integration (β = .645, R² = .619) significantly strengthen business resilience, while digital literacy acts as a partial moderator (β = .389, R² = .791). Operators using two or more platforms report revenue gains of 25–30% over their pre-digital baseline. The study concludes with policy implications for inclusive digital transformation and directions for future research.