Similarities and Differences among Sporothrix schenckii, Sporothrix globosa, and Sporothrix brasiliensis

Abstract Purpose of Review We conducted a narrative review of the literature published between January 2021 and January 2026 using the PubMed and SciELO databases. The following search strategy was applied: (“sporotrichosis” OR “sporotrichoses”) AND (“ Sporothrix schenckii ” OR “ Sporothrix globosa ” OR “ Sporothrix brasiliensis ”) AND (comparison OR clinical OR treatment OR epidemiology OR virulence), with full-text articles available in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. This review addresses epidemiology, genotyping, immunology, routes of transmission, clinical manifestations in humans and animals, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and measures for prevention and control. Recent Findings Advances have been reported recently across all topics addressed in this review. Increasing geographic spread of S. brasiliensis has been reported, along with the reports of new transmission routes, atypical clinical manifestations of the disease, novel diagnostic approaches, and emerging antifungal agents under pre-clinical investigation for treatment. Summary This review shows that Sporothrix species differ significantly in transmission, virulence, and clinical outcomes, with S. brasiliensis being the most pathogenic due to its efficient zoonotic spread and association with severe disease. These findings highlight the importance of future studies from a One Health perspective.