Simulation-based decision-making framework for sustainable intermodal transport including next-generation freight electric multiple-units

The objective of this paper is to propose a decision-making framework for evaluating alternative inland freight transport chains with the goal of increasing the use of intermodal transport and reducing negative externalities. Particularly, the combined transportation alternatives considered the use of conventional trains and next generation Freight Electric Multiple Unit (FEMU) trains in Italy. Customs Fast Corridor impact is evaluated, too. The methodological approach relies on Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) informed by railway microsimulation and DES models for transport times. The MCA considers also additional factors such as transport reliability, energy performance, greenhouse gases emission and local pollution. The proposed methodology has been applied to the Italian context, comparing all-road and combined transport chains from the port of Genoa to inland destinations ranging from 140 to 1000 kilometers. Results show viability of combined transport starting from around 250 km, lower than the 300 km suggested by European Union. • Multi-Criteria Analysis, Discrete Event and Microsimulation for freight transport. • Methodology is flexible and generalizable, addressing data reliability challenges. • Environmental impact assessed using a well-to-wheel perspective for better accuracy. • Next-gen Freight Electric Multiple Unit (FEMU) trains are considered in the analysis. • Case study: Port of Genoa to hinterlands shows FEMU dominance on longer routes.