Circular Economy and Feasibility of Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Vietnam

The circular economy (CE) has emerged as an essential approach for Vietnam in its efforts toward sustainable development, mitigating environmental degradation, and improving resource efficiency. Recognizing the importance of the CE, the Government of Vietnam has integrated CE principles into key national strategies, including the National Green Growth Strategy and the National Action Plan on Sustainable Consumption and Production. Many sectors, such as agriculture, manufacturing, and waste management, have begun to implement pilot models, focusing on waste reduction, material reuse, recycling, and product design toward longevity and environmental compatibility. These initiatives aim to transform the traditional linear model of “mining-production-throw-away” to a renewable economic system. Despite these advances, the transition to a CE in Vietnam still faces significant obstacles. Challenges include low public awareness, a lack of a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework, limited access to advanced technology, and insufficient investment incentives. Moreover, coordination among stakeholders—government agencies, businesses, and communities—remains weak and fragmented. To unleash the full potential of the CE, Vietnam needs to strengthen institutional capacity, promote innovation, raise education and awareness, and encourage multi-sectoral cooperation. The successful application of this model will help Vietnam fulfill its international commitments on the environment, mitigate climate change, and build a green and sustainable economy that supports comprehensive and long-term development. Therefore, the CE is not only an urgent environmental requirement but also a strategic economic opportunity for Vietnam in the twenty-first century.